Choosing a Roman name was an important step and achievement in one's life. If the person choosing a Roman name was a person who was not a citizen but becoming one, this would be the final step into becoming a Roman citizen. Names were also important because they defined and described the person they were named for. Names were also made up of three parts the praenomen, nomen, and cognomen. The praenomen was the given name, the nomen was the gens or clan name, and the cognomen was the family name with a gens. For example Gaius Julius Caesar. Gaius is the given name, Julius is the clan name, and Caesar is the family name with a gens.
http://www.novaroma.org/wiki/Choosing_a_Roman_name
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